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''Xeromphalina setulipes'' is a species of fungus of the family Mycenaceae. First collected in 2005, it was described and named in 2010 by Fernando Esteve-Raventós and Gabriel Moreno, and is known only from oak forests in Ciudad Real Province, Spain. The species produces mushrooms with dark reddish-brown caps up to across, dark purplish-brown stems up to in height and distinctive, arched, brown gills. The mushrooms were found growing directly from the acidic soil of the forest floor, surrounded by plant waste, during November. Morphologically, the dark colour of the gills and stem, lack of a strong taste, and characters of the cystidia (large cells found on the mushrooms) are the most distinguishing characteristics of ''X. setulipes''.〔 These features allow the species to be readily distinguished from other, similar species, including ''X. cauticinalis'' and ''X. brunneola''. Its ecology and habitat are also distinct, but it is unclear whether they can serve as certain identifying characteristics. Within the genus ''Xeromphalina'', ''X. setulipes'' is classified in the section ''Mutabiles'', along with several other species. It seems most closely related to ''X. fraxinophila'', ''X. cornui'', ''X. campanelloides'' and ''X. cauticinalis'', but, according to Esteve-Raventós and colleagues, further analysis is required to accurately judge the relationships between the species of ''Xeromphalina''. ==Taxonomy== |2= }} }} }} ''Xeromphalina setulipes'' was first described in 2010 in an article in ''Mycological Progress'' by Fernando Esteve-Raventós and Gabriel Moreno, both of the University of Alcalá.〔Esteve-Raventós ''et al''. 2010, pp. 575, 577〕 The description was based on specimens collected during 2005 field work in Ciudad Real Province, Spain.〔Esteve-Raventós ''et al''. 2010, pp. 575, 578〕 The type specimen was collected on 17 November, and was found above sea level.〔Esteve-Raventós ''et al''. 2010, p. 578〕 The specific epithet ''setulipes'' is from the Latin ''setula'', meaning "stiff hair", and ''pes'', meaning "foot", in reference to the bristly hairs that cover the stem.〔Esteve-Raventós ''et al''. 2010, p. 577〕 Within ''Xeromphalina'', ''X. setulipes'' is part of the section ''Mutabiles'', which also contains ''X. campanelloides'', ''X. cauticinalis'', ''X. cirris'', ''X. cornui'', and ''X. fraxinophila''.〔Esteve-Raventós ''et al''. 2010, p. 579〕 Phylogenetic analysis performed by Esteve-Raventós and colleagues concluded that ''X. setulipes'' appears to be most closely related to ''X. fraxinophila'', ''X. cornui'', ''X. campanelloides'' and ''X. cauticinalis'',〔Esteve-Raventós ''et al''. 2010, p. 581〕 the five of which are clearly separate from the group containing ''X. campanella'', ''X. kauffmanii'', ''X. brunneola'', and, possibly, ''X. junipericola''.〔Esteve-Raventós ''et al''. 2010, pp. 581–2〕 Data from the large subunit (60S) of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene suggests that the species is most closely related to ''X. campanelloides'', while internal transcribed spacer (ITS) data place it closest to a clade containing ''X. cauticinalis'' and ''X.'' aff. ''parvibulbosa'' (an unidentified species similar, but not identical, to ''X. parvibulbosa'').〔Esteve-Raventós ''et al''. 2010, figs. 3, 4〕 Further research, analysing the ITS or RPB2 loci, could serve to help clarify the precise relationships of species and positions of clades within the genus.〔Esteve-Raventós ''et al''. 2010, p. 582〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Xeromphalina setulipes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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